The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Body Building, Energy, and Weight Loss Supplements are Associated with Deployment and Physical Activity in US Military Personnel | Annals of Epidemiology | 2012;22:318-330 |
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Jacobson IG, Horton JL, Smith B, Wells TS, Boyko EJ, Lieberman HR, Ryan MAK, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Nearly half of the population studied reported use of energy, body building, or weight loss supplements, with energy supplements being the most highly endorsed (38%) supplement type. Deployment experience, physical activity, problem drinking, and suboptimal sleep emerged as important characteristics associated with supplement use, which may be of importance to medical planners and military policy makers in targeting adverse event monitoring and for future research determining how supplements affect performance and health over time. |
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| All-Cause Mortality Among United States Military Personnel: Findings From the Millennium Cohort Study | Annals of Epidemiology | 2024 Aug 28 | doi: 10.1016/j.anne | Online ahead of print |
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Carey FR, Harbertson J, Sharifian N, Boyko EJ, Rull RP Previous history of deployment, female sex, and Hispanic ethnicity were protective for mortality, while combat exposure, enlisted rank, being in the Army, and health factors (e.g., stressful life events, smoking, alcohol use) were risk factors for mortality among OEF/OIF/OND service members and veterans over a 20 year period. |
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| Respiratory Health after Military Service in Southwest Asia and Afghanistan. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report | Annals of the American Thoracic Society | 2019 Aug;16(8):e1-e16 |
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Garshick E, Abraham JH, Baird CP, Ciminera P, Downey GP, Falvo MJ, Hart JE, Jackson DA, Jerrett M, Kuschner W, Helmer DA, Jones KD, Krefft SD, Mallon T, Miller RF, Morris MJ, Proctor SP, Redlich CA, Rose CS, Rull RP, Saers J, Schneiderman AI, Smith NL, Yiallouros P, Blanc PD This workshop report identified key studies, including the Millennium Cohort Study, for assessing post-deployment and long-term respiratory health as well as emerging research and current knowledge gaps. |
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| Preinjury Psychiatric Status, Injury Severity, and Postdeployment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | Archives of General Psychiatry | 2011 May;68(5):496-504 |
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Sandweiss DA, Slymen DJ, LeardMann CA, Smith B, White MR, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Amoroso PJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Physical injuries were significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD. Baseline psychiatric status was also significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD, irrespective of injury severity. Deployed service members who suffer from a predeployment psychiatric condition or injury while deployed may benefit from interventions targeted to prevent postdeployment PTSD or ensure early identification and treatment. |
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| Risk Factors for Homelessness Among Post-9/11 Era Veterans | Armed Forces & Society | 2024 July 25 | doi.org/10.1177/0095327X24125 | Online ahead of print |
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Metraux S, Kolaja CA, Crone B, Byrne T, Rull RP, Porter B Between 2001 and 2016, approximately 2% of 49,323 post-9/11 era Veterans experienced homelessness after military separation. Notable risk factors for homelessness in this population included identifying as non-Hispanic Black, identifying as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, not having a college degree, enlisted pay grade, or receiving a general or other than honorable discharge status. |
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| A Prospective Study of Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Relation to Deployment in Support of Iraq and Afghanistan: the Millennium Cohort Study | Autoimmune Diseases | 2011 Nov;741267 |
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Jones KA, Granado NS, Smith B, Slymen DJ, Ryan MAK, Boyko EJ, Gackstetter GD, Phillips CJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Newly reported lupus was not associated with military deployment in support of the current operations in Iraq and Afghanistan when compared with nondeployers. Our study did note a significantly decreased risk of newly reported rheumatoid arthritis among deployers with and without combat exposures when compared with nondeployers; the reason for this finding is unknown, but may be due to a selection effect for deployment. |
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| Demographic and Occupational Predictors of Early Response to a Mailed Invitation to Enroll in a Longitudinal Health Study | Biomed Central Medical Research Methodology | 2007 Jan;7:6 |
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Chretien JP, Chu LK, Smith TC, Smith B, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Those who respond first to study invitations, whether to participate or decline, have distinct characteristics within the study population. This information can help structure recruitment efforts. |
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| Health Care Utilization Among Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users in a Large Military Cohort | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 2011 Apr;11:27 |
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White MR, Jacobson IG, Smith B, Wells TS, Gackstetter GD, Boyko EJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Our findings provide evidence that CAM users are utilizing more physician-based medical services than users of conventional care. Those using CAM account for 45.1% of outpatient care and 44.8% of inpatient care, but make up only 39% of the study population. Whether CAM use is supplementing current conventional medical practice to meet the health care needs of these individuals is not fully understood. |
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| The Impact of Deployment Experience and Prior Healthcare Utilization on Enrollment in a Large Military Cohort Study | BMC Medical Research Methodology | 2013 Jul 11;13:90 |
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Horton JL, Jacobson IJ, Littman AJ, Alcaraz JE, Smith B, and Crum-Cianflone NF This study compared the characteristics of invited subjects (responders and nonresponders) prior to the enrollment cycle. Military personnel who deployed in support of OIF/OEF and those who presented for routine outpatient care were significantly more likely to enroll in a longitudinal cohort study examining their health and military experiences, while those with baseline mental disorders or longer hospital stays were less likely to enroll. These findings, which controlled for demographic and other potential confounders, suggest differential enrollment by deployment experience and health status, and may help guide recruitment efforts in future studies. |
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| Challenges of Self-Reported Medical Conditions and Electronic Medical Records Among Members of a Large Military Cohort | BMC Medical Research Methodology | 2008 Jun;8:37 |
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Smith B, Chu LK, Smith TC, Amoroso PJ, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team This report highlights the importance of assessing medical conditions from multiple electronic and self-reported sources. |
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