The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Exploratory Factor Analysis of Self-Reported Symptoms in a Large, Population-Based Military Cohort | BMC Medical Research Methodology | 2010 Oct;10(1):94 |
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Kelton ML, LeardMann CA, Smith B, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Bliese PD, Hoge CW, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Using exploratory factor analysis, this study examined mental and physical health symptom covariance structure. A 14-factor model accounted for 60% of the variance indicating a reasonable amount of construct overlap and that the number and type of questions appropriately assess a spectrum of heterogeneous symptoms. |
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| Assessing Nonresponse Bias at Follow-Up in a Large Prospective Cohort of Relatively Young and Mobile Military Service Members | BMC Medical Research Methodology | 2010 Oct;10(1):99 |
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Littman AJ, Boyko EJ, Jacobson IG, Horton JL, Gackstetter GD, Smith B, Hooper TI, Amoroso PJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team In this study population, nonresponse to the follow-up questionnaire did not result in appreciable bias as reflected by comparing measures of association for selected outcomes using complete case and inverse probability weighted methods. |
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| Health Care Utilization Among Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users in a Large Military Cohort | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 2011 Apr;11:27 |
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White MR, Jacobson IG, Smith B, Wells TS, Gackstetter GD, Boyko EJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Our findings provide evidence that CAM users are utilizing more physician-based medical services than users of conventional care. Those using CAM account for 45.1% of outpatient care and 44.8% of inpatient care, but make up only 39% of the study population. Whether CAM use is supplementing current conventional medical practice to meet the health care needs of these individuals is not fully understood. |
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| Health Impact of US Military Service in a Large Population-Based Military Cohort: Findings of the Millennium Cohort Study, 2001-2008 | BMC Public Health | 2011 Jan;11(1):69 |
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Smith TC, Jacobson IG, Hooper TI, LeardMann CA, Boyko EJ, Smith B, Gackstetter GD, Wells TS, Amoroso PJ, Gray GC, Riddle JR, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team This report summarizes findings from the Millennium Cohort Study through 2008 that have addressed health concerns related to military service. Conducting strategic studies aimed to identify, reduce, and prevent adverse health outcomes in military members have guided public health policy and will continue to affect policy for years to come. |
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| Headache Disorders in the Millennium Cohort: Epidemiology and Relations with Combat Deployment | Headache | 2011 Jul-Aug;51(7);1098-1111 |
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Jankosky C, Hooper TI, Granado NS, Scher A, Gackstetter GD, Boyko EJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Deployed personnel with reported combat exposure appear to represent a higher risk group for new-onset headache disorders. The identification of populations at higher risk for development of headache provides support for targeted interventions. |
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| Linking Exposures and Health Outcomes to a Large Population-Based Longitudinal Study: the Millennium Cohort Study | Military Medicine | 2011 Jul;176(7 Suppl):56-63 |
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Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Linking Millennium Cohort prospective data to individual-level exposure data is critical for understanding and quantifying any long-term health outcomes potentially associated with unique military occupational exposures. |
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| Prospectively Assessed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Physical Activity | Public Health Reports | 2011 May/Jun;126(3):371-83 |
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LeardMann CA, Kelton ML, Smith B, Littman AJ, Boyko EJ, Wells TS, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Nearly 90% of the Cohort participate in some level of physical activity. Engagement in physical activity, specifically vigorous activity, was associated with decreased odds of PTSD symptoms. While further research is needed, a physical activity component may be valuable to treat and/or prevent PTSD among service members. |
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| Preinjury Psychiatric Status, Injury Severity, and Postdeployment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | Archives of General Psychiatry | 2011 May;68(5):496-504 |
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Sandweiss DA, Slymen DJ, LeardMann CA, Smith B, White MR, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Amoroso PJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Physical injuries were significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD. Baseline psychiatric status was also significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD, irrespective of injury severity. Deployed service members who suffer from a predeployment psychiatric condition or injury while deployed may benefit from interventions targeted to prevent postdeployment PTSD or ensure early identification and treatment. |
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| A Prospective Study of Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Relation to Deployment in Support of Iraq and Afghanistan: the Millennium Cohort Study | Autoimmune Diseases | 2011 Nov;741267 |
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Jones KA, Granado NS, Smith B, Slymen DJ, Ryan MAK, Boyko EJ, Gackstetter GD, Phillips CJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Newly reported lupus was not associated with military deployment in support of the current operations in Iraq and Afghanistan when compared with nondeployers. Our study did note a significantly decreased risk of newly reported rheumatoid arthritis among deployers with and without combat exposures when compared with nondeployers; the reason for this finding is unknown, but may be due to a selection effect for deployment. |
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| Application of Latent Semantic Analysis for Open-Ended Responses in a Large, Epidemiologic Study | BMC Medical Research Methodology | 2011 Oct;11:136 |
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Leleu TD, Jacobson IG, LeardMann CA, Smith B, Foltz PW, Amoroso PJ, Derr M, Ryan MAK, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Using latent semantic analysis to analyze the final open-ended text field on the Millennium Cohort questionnaire helped identify important topic areas for future survey questions and also revealed the most common areas of concern for participants were illness and injuries, exposures, and exercise. Subjects with worse self-reported general health were more likely to provide a response in the open-ended text field than subjects with better general health. |
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