The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Self-Reported Adverse Health Events Following Smallpox Vaccination in a Large Prospective Study of US Military Service Members | Human Vaccines | 2008 Mar/Apr;4(2):127-33 |
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Wells TS, LeardMann CA, Smith TC, Smith B, Jacobson IG, Reed RJ, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Smallpox vaccination was not associated with any adverse self-reported health outcomes, including mental and physical functioning. These findings may be reassuring to health care providers and those who receive the smallpox vaccination. |
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| Risk of Traumatic Brain Injury in Deployment and Nondeployment Settings Among Members of the Millennium Cohort Study | Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation | 2024 Jun 27 | doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000970 | Online ahead of print |
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Jannace KC, Pompeii L, de Porras DGR, Perkison WB, Yamal JM, Trone DW, Rull RP The risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) was higher among service members in deployment settings compared to those in nondeployment settings. Risk reduction strategies and education are needed to reduce the occurrence of TBI based on deployment status and history. |
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| Risk of Diabetes in US Military Service Members in Relation to Combat Deployment and Mental Health | Diabetes Care | 2010 Aug;33(8):1771-7 |
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Boyko EJ, Jacobson IJ, Smith B, Ryan MAK, Hooper TI, Amoroso PJ, Gackstetter GD, Barrett-Connor E, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Higher risk of new onset self-reported diabetes mellitus among cohort members was observed over three years of follow-up in persons with PTSD symptoms at baseline. This association was independent of age, gender, overall body adiposity, and the presence of other mental health conditions. There was no independent association of new onset diabetes with deployment in support of OEF/OIF. |
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| Risk Factors for Relapse to Problem Drinking Among Current and Former US Military Personnel: A Prospective Study of the Millennium Cohort. | Drug and Alcohol Dependence | 2015; 148:93-101. |
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Williams EC, Frasco MA, Jacobson IG, Maynard C, Littman AJ, Seelig AD, Crum-Cianflone NF, Nagel A, Boyko EJ. This study investigated demographic, military, behavioral, and health characteristics associated with relapse among current and former military members with remittent problem drinking. The findings from this study suggest 16% of this population relapse. Several military and non-military characteristics were found to predict relapse, including being in the Reserve/National Guard compared to Active-duty and screening positive for mental health conditions. Targeted intervention to prevent relapse may be indicated for particular subgroups. |
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| Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Tendinopathies in Military Personnel | The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2013 Jan-Jun;1(1) 2325967113492707 |
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Owens BD, Wolf JM, Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Boyko EJ, Smith B, Ryan MAK, Gackstetter GD, Smith TC This study found that deployment was associated with the development of plantar fasciitis. Modifiable risk factors including being overweight or obese were associated with both Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis, with a marginal relationship between moderate alcohol use and Achilles tendinopathy. Identification of potential risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among service members could serve as the focus for future prevention and intervention efforts. |
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| Risk Factors for Homelessness Among Post-9/11 Era Veterans | Armed Forces & Society | 2024 July 25 | doi: 10.1177/0095327X241259080 | Online ahead of print |
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Metraux S, Kolaja CA, Crone B, Byrne T, Rull RP, Porter B Between 2001 and 2016, approximately 2% of 49,323 post-9/11 era Veterans experienced homelessness after military separation. Notable risk factors for homelessness in this population included identifying as non-Hispanic Black, identifying as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, not having a college degree, enlisted pay grade, or receiving a general or other than honorable discharge status. |
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| Risk Factors Associated with Suicide in Current and Former US Military Personnel | Journal of the American Medical Association | 2013;310(5):496-506 |
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LeardMann CA, Powell TM, Smith TC, Bell MR, Smith B, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Ghamsary M, Hoge CW Based on data from over 150,000 current and former service members from all service branches, 83 suicide deaths occurred in 707,493 person-years from 2001 through 2008 (11.73/100,000 person-years). Suicide risk was independently associated with depression, manic-depressive disorder, alcohol-related problems, and male gender. None of the deployment or military-related factors were associated with an increased risk for suicide. Assessing service members' prior psychiatric history as well as screening for and treating mental and substance abuse disorders may provide the best potential for mitigating suicide risk. |
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| Risk Factors Associated with Miscarriage and Impaired Fecundity Among United States Servicewomen During the Recent Conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan | Women's Health Issues | 2017 Feb;27(3):356-365 |
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Ippolito AC, Seelig AD, Powell TM, Conlin AMS, Crum-Cianflone NF, Lemus H, Sevick CS, LeardMann CA Among Servicewomen aged 18-45 years, 31% reported a miscarriage and 11% reported impaired fecundity (infertility) during a 3-year study period. Findings suggest that deployments in support of the operations in Iraq and Afghanistan do not increase the risk for miscarriage and infertility among U.S. Servicewomen. More research is needed to better understand whether specific combat experiences or environmental exposures encountered during deployments increase the risk for adverse reproductive health outcomes. |
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| Risk and Protective Factors for Cancer Mortality Among United States Service Members and Veterans (2001-2018) | Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | 2023 May 1 | doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0943 |
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Sharifian N, Carey FR, Seay JS, Castaneda SF, Boyko EJ, Rull RP This longitudinal study used data from the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2018) to examine risk and protective factors for cancer mortality among service members and veterans. Compared with those who deployed without combat experiences, non-deployers were more likely to die from cancer, consistent with the healthy deployer effect. |
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| Respiratory Health after Military Service in Southwest Asia and Afghanistan. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report | Annals of the American Thoracic Society | 2019 Aug;16(8):e1-e16 |
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Garshick E, Abraham JH, Baird CP, Ciminera P, Downey GP, Falvo MJ, Hart JE, Jackson DA, Jerrett M, Kuschner W, Helmer DA, Jones KD, Krefft SD, Mallon T, Miller RF, Morris MJ, Proctor SP, Redlich CA, Rose CS, Rull RP, Saers J, Schneiderman AI, Smith NL, Yiallouros P, Blanc PD This workshop report identified key studies, including the Millennium Cohort Study, for assessing post-deployment and long-term respiratory health as well as emerging research and current knowledge gaps. |
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