The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Sleep Characteristics, Mental Health, and Diabetes Risk: A Prospective Study of US Military Service Members in the Millennium Cohort Study | Diabetes Care | 2013 Oct;36(10):3154-61 |
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Boyko EJ, Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Hooper TI, Smith B, Smith TC, Crum-Cianflone NF We investigated whether poor sleep and mental health symptoms were independently related to diabetes risk. During 6 years of follow-up, the annual incidence rate for type 2 diabetes was 3.6/1,000 person years. After adjusting for covariates including mental health disorders like posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, both trouble sleeping and sleep apnea significantly predicted diabetes risk independent of these mental health conditions and other diabetes risk factors. |
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| Sleep and Health Resilience Metrics in a Large Military Cohort | Sleep | 2016 May;39(5):1111-1120 |
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Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Donoho CJ, Trone DW, Crum-Cianflone NF, Balkin TJ The presence of insomnia symptoms was significantly associated with worse self-rated health, more lost work days, lower odds of deployment, higher odds of leaving military service early, and more health care utilization, after adjustment for demographic, military, behavioral and other health covariates. Findings were similar for those reporting less than 6 hours of sleep per night. Future research should focus on the efficacy of interventions to promote healthy sleep in military populations. |
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| Single and repeated high-level blast, low-level blast, and new-onset self-reported health conditions in the U.S. Millennium Cohort Study: An exploratory investigation | Frontiers in Neurology | 2023 Mar 21 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.20 |
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Belding JN, Kolaja CA, Rull RP, Trone DW for the Millennium Cohort Study Team This study examined whether single and repeated high-level blast exposure (e.g., from incoming munitions) and low-level blast exposure (e.g., from outgoing munitions) were associated with 45 different self-reported diagnoses of illness and injury. Outcomes examined included PTSD, depression, hearing loss, tinnitus, chronic fatigue syndrome, and migraines. Findings suggest that blast exposure elevated risks for more than 20 different diagnoses and that repeated exposure was associated with worse outcomes. |
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| Sexual Trauma and Adverse Health and Occupational Outcomes Among Men Serving in the US Military | Journal of Traumatic Stress | 2016 Apr;29(1):132-40 |
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Millegan J, Wang L, LeardMann CA, Miletich D, Street AE This study examined the association of recent sexual trauma with health and occupational outcomes among US Service men using longitudinal Millennium Cohort data (2004-2013). Findings from this study indicated that recent sexual trauma, sexual harassment or sexual assault, is associated with adverse physical health and mental health among Service men, after adjustment for relevant covariates. Men who reported sexual trauma were more likely to have left military service and experience post-service disability or unemployment. Results demonstrate that, among Service men, sexual trauma is significantly associated with adverse health and functionality extending to post-military life. Findings support the need for developing more effective prevention strategies and services to reduce the burden of sexual trauma of Service men. |
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| Sexual Health Problems among Service Men: The Influence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | Journal of Sex Research | 2021 Jan 11:1-13 |
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Kolaja CA, Roenfeldt K, Armenta RF, Schuyler AC, Orman JA, Stander VA, LeardMann CA Among service men, numerous factors (e.g. older age, lower education, enlisted paygrade, disabling injury, BMI) were associated with sexual health problems. PTSD mediated the associations between stressors (combat deployment and sexual assault) and sexual health outcomes. These findings indicate that sexual health is negatively affected by military-related stressors and comprehensive treatment options are warranted. |
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| Sexual Health Difficulties Among Service Women: The Influence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | Journal of Affective Disorders | 2021 Sep 1;292:678-686 |
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Kolaja CA, Schuyler AC, Armenta RF, Orman JA, Stander VA, LeardMann CA Sexual health of service women was found to be negatively impacted by recent combat deployment and sexual assault. Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) mediated the associations of recent combat deployment and sexual assault with sexual health difficulties. Some military factors (i.e., service branch, component, paygrade) were associated with sexual health difficulties among service women. Findings indicate that effective treatment of PTSD may mitigate sexual health issues. |
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| Sexual Harassment, Sexual Assault, and Physical Activity Among U.S. Military Service Members in the Millennium Cohort Study | Journal of Interpersonal Violence | 2019 Mar 2;886260519832904. doi: 10.1177/0886260519832904 |
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Thomas CL, Nieh C, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, LeardMann CA, Porter B, Blazer DG; for the Millennium Cohort Study Team This study examined the association of recent sexual trauma with subsequent physical activity levels among service members. The findings indicate that personnel who experienced sexual assault were more likely to report high levels of physical activity (300+ mins/week), while those who reported sexual harassment were less likely to engage in medium-high levels of physical activity (300-449 mins/week), compared with those without sexual harassment or sexual assault. This study highlights how coping responses to sexual trauma among current military members may be intertwined with physical activity. |
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| Self-Reported Mental Health Among US Military Personnel, Prior and Subsequent to the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001 | Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine | 2004 Aug;46(8):775-82 |
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Smith TC, Smith B, Corbeil TE, Riddle JR, and Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Accepted without revision and featured by journal editors, this early analysis leveraged Millennium Cohort data to conclude that military members displayed stronger mental health characteristics soon after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The authors suggest this may be attributed to resilience and/or an outpouring of support for the US military mission. |
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| Self-Reported Health Symptoms and Conditions Among Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users in a Large Military Cohort | Annals of Epidemiology | 2009 Sep;19(9)613-22 |
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Jacobson IG, White MR, Smith TC, Smith B, Wells TS, Gackstetter GD, Boyko EJ, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Findings illustrate that a relatively young adult occupational cohort of military personnel using CAM therapies also report multiple comorbidities which may indicate chronic illness management and poorer overall health. |
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| Self-Reported Adverse Health Events Following Smallpox Vaccination in a Large Prospective Study of US Military Service Members | Human Vaccines | 2008 Mar/Apr;4(2):127-33 |
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Wells TS, LeardMann CA, Smith TC, Smith B, Jacobson IG, Reed RJ, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Smallpox vaccination was not associated with any adverse self-reported health outcomes, including mental and physical functioning. These findings may be reassuring to health care providers and those who receive the smallpox vaccination. |
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