The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Report to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives. (July 2020). Section 748 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92) Initial Report on Millennium Cohort Study Relating to Women of the Armed Forces | ||
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This report is in response to the section 748 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NOAA) for Fiscal Year (FY) 2020 (Public Law 116-92) requirement for the Secretary of Defense to submit a report on "Millennium Cohort Study Relating to Women Members of the Armed Forces" to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives, within 180 days of enactment and annual reports thereafter through January 31, 2022. This initial report describes findings of the Millennium Cohort Study relating to the gynecological and perinatal health of women members of the Armed Forces |
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| Reliability of Standard Health Assessment Instruments in a Large, Population-Based Cohort Study | Annals of Epidemiology | 2007 Jul;17(7):525-32 |
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Smith TC, Smith B, Jacobson IG, Corbeil TE, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Reliability metrics, by test-retest concordance and internal consistency, are extremely strong in Millennium Cohort Study data. |
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| Recent Sexual Trauma and Adverse Health and Occupational Outcomes Among US Service Women | Journal of Traumatic Stress | 2015 Aug;28(4):298-306 |
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Millegan J, Schaller EK, LeardMann CA, Street AE, Williams D, Trone DW, Crum-Cianflone NF Findings from this study indicate that recent sexual trauma is associated with potential adverse physical health, mental health, and occupational outcomes among women serving in the US armed forces, after adjustment for demographics, prior sexual trauma, mental health, and military factors. Given these findings and the increasing role of women in the military, prevention and mitigation of sexual trauma should remain a high priority and more effective strategies should be developed to prevent sexual trauma. |
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| Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Disparities in Mental Health Among U.S. Service Members and Veterans: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study | American Journal of Epidemiology | 2024 Feb 5 | doi: 10.1093/aje/kwad221 |
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Sharifian N, Kolaja CA, LeardMann CA, Castañeda SF, Carey FR, Seay JS, Carlton KN, Rull RP, Millennium Cohort Study Team Racial, ethnic, and sex disparities in mental health among service members and veterans persist, even after accounting for sociodemographic, military, health-related and social support factors. Despite increased availability to care among military populations, culturally relevant and targeted outreach are still needed to address these disparities. |
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| PTSD Prevalence, Associated Exposures, and Functional Health Outcomes in a Large, Population-Based Military Cohort | Public Health Report | 2009 Jan;124:90-102 |
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Smith TC, Wingard DL, Ryan MAK, Kritz-Silverstein D, Slymen DJ, Sallis JF, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Findings suggest a 2% prevalence of current PTSD symptoms in the US Military that are associated with increased reporting of exposures and decrements in functional health. |
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| Prospectively Assessed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Physical Activity | Public Health Reports | 2011 May/Jun;126(3):371-83 |
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LeardMann CA, Kelton ML, Smith B, Littman AJ, Boyko EJ, Wells TS, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Nearly 90% of the Cohort participate in some level of physical activity. Engagement in physical activity, specifically vigorous activity, was associated with decreased odds of PTSD symptoms. While further research is needed, a physical activity component may be valuable to treat and/or prevent PTSD among service members. |
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| Prospective Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Trajectories in Active Duty and Separated Military Personnel | Journal of Psychiatric Research | 2017 Jun;89:55-64 |
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Porter B, Bonanno GA, Frasco MA, Dursa EK, Boyko EJ This study compared trajectories of PTSD symptoms between separated and continuously serving Active Duty participants. Trajectories among both groups were highly similar and separated into four classes: resilient, delayed-onset, improving, and elevated-recovering. Resilient trajectories (i.e., having low PTSD symptoms throughout the study period) were the most common trajectory in both groups, although they were less common among separated (82%) compared with continuously serving (87%) personnel. Interventions targeted toward individuals with delayed-onset trajectories may prevent sub-clinical PTSD from worsening. |
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| Prospective Evaluation of Mental Health and Deployment Experience Among Women in the US Military | American Journal of Epidemiology | 2012;176(2):135-45 |
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Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Smith B, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GG, Ryan MAK, Wells TS, MacDermid Wadsworth S, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Women with reported combat exposures were more likely to have mental health symptoms than women who deployed without combat associated exposures and women who never deployed. |
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| Prospective Comparison of Risk Factors for Firearm Suicide and Non-Firearm Suicide in a Large Population-Based Cohort of Current and Former US Service Members: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study | The Lancet Regional Health Americas | 2024 August | doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100802 |
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LeardMann CA, Sharifian N, Warner S, Boyko EJ, Boparai SK, Powell TM, Rull RP, Reger MA, Hoge CW, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team In this prospective study of over 200,000 US current and former service members, risk factors were similar between firearm and non-firearm suicides. Suicide prevention and intervention strategies may benefit those at risk and may not need to be differentiated by specific demographic, military, or health factors. |
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| Prospective Assessment of Chronic Multisymptom Illness Reporting Possibly Associated with Open-Air Burn Pit Smoke Exposure in Iraq | Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine | 2012 June;54(6):682-688 |
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Powell TM, Smith TC, Jacobson IG, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Phillips CJ, Smith B, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team There was no increase in chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) symptom reporting in Army and Air Force personnel deployed within a 2-, 3-, or 5-mile radius of documented open-air burn pits located in Iraq at Joint Base Balad, Camp Taji, and Camp Speicher compared with other deployed personnel. This initial report on possible burn pit exposure associated with CMI at apopulation-level is reassuring, but future research evaluating the potential association of burn pit smoke and CMI should utilize individual exposure data when possible. |
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