Publications

The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.

Research Publication 2
Title Publication Date/Location
The US Department of Defense Millennium Cohort Study: Career Span and Beyond Longitudinal Follow-Up Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009 Oct;51(10):1193-1201

Smith TS, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team

Describes the Millennium Cohort Study, a large longitudinal occupational health study designed and initiated prior to the combat deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan specifically to assess any short or long-term health outcomes during and after military service and career.

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Three-Item Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale JAMA Network Open 2024 Feb 5 | doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54741

Forbes D, LeardMann CA, Lawrence-Wood E, Villalobos J, Madden K, Gutierrez IA, Cowlishaw S, Baur J, Adler AB

Given the prevalence of problematic anger and its association with adverse outcomes, it is vital to develop a very brief measure that can be easily included in research and clinical contexts. Using data from two large military samples with current and former service members in Australia and the US, this study reported on a newly developed 3-item Dimensions of Anger Reactions (DAR-3) scale. The DAR-3 assesses anger intensity, frequency, and duration. Results were consistent across the samples in terms of the scales reliability, validity, and cut-off score. The DAR-3 has practical utility for military and veteran populations.

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Trajectories of Trauma Symptoms and Resilience in Deployed US Military Service Members: A Prospective Cohort Study British Journal of Psychiatry 2012 Apr;200(4):317-23

Bonanno GA, Mancini AD, Horton JL, Powell TM, LeardMann CA, Boyko EJ, Wells TS, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team

Symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTS) were examined over time in relation to deployment. Four classes of PTS trajectories were identified for both single and multiple deployers, with over 80% of the deployers exhibiting a stable trajectory of low symptoms (i.e., resilience) pre- to post-deployment. Several factors predicting PTS trajectories were identified, which may direct future research aimed at decreasing the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder among deployers

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US Military Deployment During 2001-2006: Comparison of Subjective and Objective Data Sources in a Large Prospective Health Study Annals of Epidemiology 2007 Dec;17(12):976-82

Smith B, Wingard DL, Ryan MAK, Macera CA, Patterson TL, Slymen DJ, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team

Defining military deployments using multiple data sources is examined. Deployment timing and duration metrics, critical for epidemiological studies, are valid in the Millennium Cohort Study.

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Utilizing Machine Learning To Predict Participant Response To Follow-Up Health Surveys in the Millennium Cohort Study Scientific Reports 2024 Oct 28 | doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77563-8

Barkho W, Carnes NC, Kolaja CA, Tu XM, Boparai SK, Castañeda SF, Sheppard BD, Walstrom JL, Belding JN, Rull RP

Using various machine learning algorithms, patterns in response to prior surveys among Millennium Cohort Study participants improved the ability to predict future response to a follow-up survey.

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Weight Change Following US Military Service Int J Obes (Lond) 2013 Feb;37(2):244-53

Littman AJ, Jacobson IG, Boyko EJ, Powell TM, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team

This study provides the first prospectively collected evidence for an increased rate of weight gain around the time of military discharge that may explain previously reported higher rates of obesity in veterans, and identifies characteristics of higher-risk groups. Discharge from military service presents a window of risk and opportunity to prevent unhealthy weight gain in military personnel and veterans.

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When Epidemiology Meets the Internet: Web-Based Surveys in the Millennium Cohort Study American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 Nov;166(11):1345-54

Smith B, Smith TC, Gray GC, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team

Optimal use of the Internet - with minimal response bias, maximum cost-savings, and improved data - is highlighted.

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