The following manuscripts have been published or are currently in press. Listings are in chronological order, unless otherwise noted.
| Title | Publication | Date/Location |
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| Postcards Encourage Participant Updates | Epidemiology | 2009 Mar;20(2):313-4 |
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Welch KE, LeardMann CA, Jacobson IG, Speigle SJ, Smith B, Smith TC, Ryan MAK, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team The results of this study quantify and confirm that semiannual appreciatory contact is an effective way to maintain communication with a highly mobile participant population while prompting updates of contact information. |
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| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among US Military Health Care Professionals Deployed in Support of the Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan | Journal of Traumatic Stress | 2012 Dec;25(6):616-23 |
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Jacobson IG, Horton JL, LeardMann CA, Ryan MAK, Boyko EJ, Wells TS, Smith B, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Among military personnel deployed with combat experience, health care professionals did not have increased odds for new-onset PTSD or depression over time compared to individuals in other occupations. Combat experience significantly increased the odds for new-onset PTSD or depression among deployed health care professionals, suggesting that combat experience, not features specific to being a health care professional, was the key exposure explaining development of these outcomes. |
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| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Selected Autoimmune Diseases among US Military Personnel | BMC Psychiatry | 2020 Jan 15; 20 (1):23 |
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Bookwalter DB, Roenfeldt KA, LeardMann CA, Kong SY, Riddle MS,Rull RP This study investigated the association between PTSD and risk of developing selected autoimmune diseases among US active duty service members. Among 120,572 participants followed for an average of 5 years, risk of any of the selected new-onset autoimmune diseases was 58% higher for those with a history of PTSD compared to those with no history. Observed associations did not differ by specific types of trauma experienced. Future research is needed to understand the physiological pathways that may link PTSD with increased risk of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. |
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| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Association With Subsequent Risky and Problem Drinking Initiation | Journal of Addiction Medicine | 2018 Sep/Oct;12(5):353-362 |
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Bensley KM, Seelig AD, Armenta RF, Rivera AC, Peterson AV, Jacobson IG, Littman AJ, Maynard C, Bricker JB, Boyko EJ, Rull RP, and Williams EC This study investigated the association between PTSD symptoms and symptom clusters and the initiation of risky and problem drinking. One PTSD symptom (irritability/anger) was associated with a higher risk of risky drinking initiation. Five PTSD symptoms (restricted affect, sense of foreshortened future, exaggerated startle response, sleep disturbance, and irritability/anger) and two symptom clusters (dysphoric arousal and emotional numbing) were associated with an increased risk of problem drinking initiation. |
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| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters in Service Members Predict New-Onset Depression Among Military Spouses | Journal of Traumatic Stress | 2020 Sep 3. doi: 10.1002/jts.22575 |
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Walter KH, LeardMann CA, Carballo CE, McMaster HM, Donoho CJ, & Stander VA Among spouses of service members with probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 14% met criteria for new-onset depression over a 3-year period. The service member’s PTSD symptom cluster of effortful avoidance was associated with an increased risk of new-onset depression in spouses, underscoring the impact of service member psychological symptoms on the spouse. |
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| Pre-incentive Efficacy in Survey Response Rates in a Large Prospective Military Cohort | Field Methods | 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X231163668 |
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Powell TM, Geronimo-Hara TR, Tobin LE, Donoho CJ, Sheppard BD, Walstrom JL, Rull RP, Faix DJ U.S. military and veteran populations are challenging to retain in longitudinal studies as they span the globe, frequently move, and are heavily surveyed. This study tested the effectiveness of multiple pre-incentives ($2 bill, $5 gift card, magnet, and Apple iPad® lottery entry) on increasing the response rate to the 2014 survey of the Millennium Cohort Study. Findings suggest that providing participants a monetary pre-incentive was an effective way to increase response rates and participant retention as well as re-engage participants who did not respond to a previous follow-up survey. |
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| Predeployment Sleep Duration and Insomnia Symptoms as Risk Factors for New-Onset Mental Health Disorders Following Military Deployment | Sleep | 2013 Jul 1;36(7):1009-1018 |
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Gehrman P, Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Ulmer CS, Smith TC This study showed that combat-related trauma and predeployment insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with developing posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety following deployment. Assessment of insomnia symptoms predeployment may help to better identify those at highest risk for subsequent adverse mental health outcomes. |
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| Preinjury Psychiatric Status, Injury Severity, and Postdeployment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | Archives of General Psychiatry | 2011 May;68(5):496-504 |
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Sandweiss DA, Slymen DJ, LeardMann CA, Smith B, White MR, Boyko EJ, Hooper TI, Gackstetter GD, Amoroso PJ, Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team Physical injuries were significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD. Baseline psychiatric status was also significantly associated with postdeployment PTSD, irrespective of injury severity. Deployed service members who suffer from a predeployment psychiatric condition or injury while deployed may benefit from interventions targeted to prevent postdeployment PTSD or ensure early identification and treatment. |
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| Prescription Stimulants and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among US Military Service Members | Journal of Traumatic Stress | 2015 Dec;28(6):585-589 |
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Crum-Cianflone NF, Frasco M, Armenta RF, Phillips CJ, Horton J, Ryan MAK, Russell DW, LeardMann CA Millennium Cohort data from U.S. military members who completed the baseline survey, and two follow-up surveys were evaluated to determine associations between receipt of prescription stimulants and PTSD. Prescription stimulants were significantly associated with incident PTSD after adjustment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, baseline mental and physical health status, deployment experiences, and other known confounders. Findings from this study may inform the underlying pathogenesis of and preventive strategies for PTSD. |
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| Prevalence and predictors of insomnia and sleep medication use in a large tri-service U.S. military sample | Sleep Health | 2021 Dec;7(6):675-682 |
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Markwald RR, Carey FR, Kolaja CA, Jacobson IG, Cooper AD, Chinoy ED Several deployment-related characteristics were significantly associated with the development of insomnia and/or newly-reported sleep medication use, and more than half of the sample with insomnia reported using sleep medication, indicating a high rate of medicating for insomnia. These findings may indicate an underlying systematic issue related to the inability to obtain adequate sleep in military personnel |
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